中文摘要：

采用室内模拟试验方法，研究了不同浓度一氯苯对填土和红壤中三大水解酶（脲酶、转化酶、磷酸酶）活性的影响。结果表明，一氯苯可明显激活土壤脲酶活性，抑制转化酶和磷酸酶活性。在5．53～110．58gkg^-1。的一氯苯浓度范围内，三种酶活性的范围分别为20．81～162．00μgg^-1h^-1，64．60～582．10μgg^-1h^-1和5．80～89．75μgg^-1h^-1。相对于对照，脲酶活性增加了1．11％～118％，而转化酶和磷酸酶分别降低了0．740％～25．4％和2．02％～35．6％，反映出三种酶均可揭示土壤受一氯苯污染的程度。通过方程U=B／（1＋Ax）拟合可知一氯苯对磷酸酶表现为完全抑制作用，并由此得到填土和红壤受一氯苯轻度污染时的酶活性生态剂量ED10分别为33．9gkg^-1和16．7gkg^-1。

英文摘要：

An indoor simulation experiment was carried out to study effects of monochlorobenzene on activities of three major hydrolyzable soil enzymes （urease, invertase and phosphatase）. Results showed that the three enzymes had ativities within the range of 20.81 - 162.00μgg^-1h^-1, 64.60 - 582.10μgg^-1h^-1 and 5.80 - 89.75μgg^-1h^-1 separately when the monochlorobenzene was in the designed concentration from 5.53 gkg^-1 to 110.58gkg ^-1 , which stimulate soil urease activity, while inhibit soil invertase and phosphatase activities by 1.11%- 118% , 0. 74%- 25. 43% and 2.02% 35.63% , respectively. It indicated that the three soil enzymes could be used to a certain extent as indicators of soil pollution by monochlorobenzene. The reaction style of soil phosphatase with monochlorobenzene obtained from regression equation of U = B/ （1 ＋ Ax） was full inhibition. The monochlorobenzene concentrations that may characterize slight pollution of Lou soil and red soil were 33.9 g kg^-1 and 16.7 g kg^-1.