中文摘要：

利用相对论平均自洽场理论，研究了电子相对论径向波函数的基本特征．电子相对论径向波函数大小分量的数量级通常相差悬殊且不“同步”，核外电子的径向分布没有严格的零概率点；束缚电子相对论径向波函数大小分量的节点个数为n—l-1、波腹个数为n-l，而自由电子的节点和波腹数则趋于无穷大．电子相对论径向波函数反映了相对论效应的基本特征：相对论效应越强，小分量振幅相对越大，自由电子径向波函数振荡越剧烈．

英文摘要：

The fundamental properties of electron relativistic radial wave functions have been studied theoretically based on the relativistic average self-consistent field. Usually, the small-component of relativistic radial wave functions is several orders of magnitudes less than the large-component, and is not generally synchronous with the large-component, so the radial probability density of electron has no exact zeros. The number of nodes for bound electron large- or small-component is n-l-l, so that the number of antinodes is n-l, but the number of nodes and antinodes for free electron just turn to infinite. The radial wave functions are extremely sensitive to the relativistic effects, the amplitude of small-component increases with increasing relativistic effects, as well as the oscillating intensity of large, small-component for free electron.