中文摘要：

背景：近年来大量的研究证明,共培养应用到软骨组织工程中能够成功构建具有更好生物学特性的组织工程软骨.目的：通过对共培养概念的提出及共培养系统中种子细胞来源、细胞混合比率、共培养空间模式及生物材料各方面分别进行整理和深入阐述,归纳分析各因素对组织工程软骨生物学特性的效应,展望未来共培养系统在组织工程软骨研究中的发展方向.方法：第一作者检索1976年1月至2016年5月PubMed数据库、Web of Science数据库和中国知网中的相关文献,检索关键词为＂Co-culture,Co-culture systems;articular cartilage,chondrocytes,mesenchymal stem cells;tissue engineering,articular cartilage tissue engineering;共培养,共培养系统;关节软骨,软骨细胞,间充质干细胞;组织工程,软骨组织工程＂.最后纳入文献共计60篇,中文1篇,英文59篇.结果与结论：①共培养强调了细胞处理过程中生物微环境的重要性,即在体外为细胞生长提供物理-化学-生物三位一体的刺激因素;②在软骨组织工程中,共培养很好地维持了软骨细胞的活性和天然细胞表型,能够诱导具有多项分化潜能的间充质干细胞分化成软骨.另外,为软骨组织工程软骨细胞的来源受限问题和骨软骨复合伤的治疗带来新的途径;③但是共培养中细胞间相互作用的具体机制仍然有待进一步研究,从而为优化共培养系统培养条件提供有力依据,以更好地应用到软骨组织工程中构建优良的组织工程软骨组织.

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND：Accumulative evidence supports that co-culture technology can be applied to construct the tissue-engineered cartilage with excellent biological characters. OBJECTIVE：To elaborate the co-culture concept and conclude and analyze seed cell sources, cel mixed ratio, spatial y-defined co-culture models and biomaterials in co-culture systems to conclude and analyze the biological characters of tissue-engineered cartilage, and to prospect progression of co-culture systems in cartilage tissue engineering. METHODS：The first author retrieved the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI for relative papers published from January 1976 to May 2016 using the keywords of＂co-culture, co-culture systems;articular cartilage, chondrocytes, mesenchymal stem cells;tissue engineering, articular cartilage tissue engineering＂in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally 60 literatures were included in result analysis, including 1 Chinese and 59 English articles. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Co-culture technology emphasizes the role of microenvironment in terms of various physical, chemical and biological factors in the cell processing. In cartilage tissue engineering, co-culture systems contribute to maintain the viability and natural cell phenotype of chondrocytes and induce cartilage differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, co-culture technology provides a novel way for cartilage tissue engineering to overcome the shortage of chondrocytes and repair injury to the cartilage-subchondral bone. However, the mechanisms of cell-cell interaction in co-culture systems still need to be explored in depth, so as to optimize the co-culturing conditions and construct perfect tissue-engineered cartilage.