中文摘要：

2001-2009年,在全国范围内采集了14个地理种群总计126个样本,以线粒体控制区作为分子标记,分析大卫鼠耳蝠种群系统发育关系和殖民历史.根据线粒体控制区序列构建的TCS网络图,将大卫鼠耳蝠的14个地理种群划分成3个地理区域,分别为中东部平原区、西南高原区和南方丘陵区.在53个单倍型中,浙江的单倍型14、贵州的单倍型47、广东的单倍型50分别为3个地理区域的祖先单倍型.Geodis、错配分布和中性检验的分析结果表明,中东部平原区（76.12和79.17 ka BP）和西南高原区（69.12 ka BP）曾发生过种群扩张事件,并于61.24 ka BP发生了一次由西南高原向中东部平原区的长距离殖民事件.分子生物学、仿生学、解剖学和空气动力学的证据,共同揭示了大卫鼠耳蝠具有长距离的迁移能力.

英文摘要：

In order to reveal the population phylogenetic relationships and colonization history of Chinese endemic bat species Myotis davidii,a total of 126 samples from 14 populations in nationwide were collected in 2001-2009,taking the mitochondrial control region as the molecular marker.Based on the TCS network diagram of the mitochondrial DNA control region sequences,the 14 geographical populations were divided into three geographical regions,i.e.,mid-east plain region,southwest plateau region,and south hills region.In the 53 haplotypes,the No.14 in Zhejiang Province,No.47 in Guizhou Province,and No.50 in Guangdong Province were the ancestors in the three regions,respectively.Based on Geodis analysis,mismatch distribution analysis,and neutrality test,the population expansion events were found in mid-eastern plain region（76.12 and 79.17 ka BP） and southwest plateau（69.12 ka BP）.In 61.24 ka BP,a long distance migration event originated from the southwest plateau region to the mid-east plain region occurred.The evidences of molecular biology,bionics,anatomy,and aerodynamics all revealed the long-distance migration capability of M.davidii.