中文摘要：

新月形沙丘是一种主要的沙丘类型,一般存在于沙漠边缘亦即绿洲边缘。环境是新月形沙丘形成和存在的基础,不同环境的风沙活动规律不同。为了揭示新月形沙丘形成和存在的环境条件,文中在对甘肃河西沙区新月形沙丘和新月形沙丘链的分布状况调查的基础上,详细调查了甘肃河西沙区新月形沙丘和新月形沙丘链的形态特征和分布的环境条件,用方差检验了样本之间的差异显著性和指标之间的相关显著性。结果表明：甘肃河西沙区的新月形沙丘及新月形沙丘链均分布在沙漠边缘的下风向,一般为斑块状分布。分布区域为平坦的沙粘质或沙砾质滩地,丘间较为开阔,新月形沙丘上风向平均有246.4m的平坦沙砾质滩地或平坦粘砾质滩地,沙丘下风向平均有374.4m的平坦沙砾质滩地或平均粘砾质滩地;新月形沙丘链的上风向平均有236.6m的平坦粘砾质滩地或平坦的沙砾质滩地,下风向平均有958.1m的平坦粘砾质滩地或平坦的沙砾质滩地。新月形沙丘及新月形沙丘链的分布区都具有明显的主风向,其他方向的风速较小或偶尔有大风但频率较低;甘肃河西地区沙漠边缘的新月形沙丘相对较为高大,新月形沙丘链较新月形沙丘更高更大。分析结果认为,沙丘最高点与沙脊线重合或分离可能与主导风向与反向风的分布频率以及观测的季节有关。

英文摘要：

Barchan dunes is a major dune type,and it normally resides on the edges of the desert and oasis. Environment is the basis for the formation and presence of barchan dune. Activity rhythm of wind and sand is different in different environments. In order to reveal the environmental conditions of barchan dune formation and presentation,the distribution,morphological characteristics and environmental conditions of barchan dunes and barchan dune chains in Hexi desert area of Gansu were investigated. Significant difference between samples and related significance between indicators was tested by variance analysis. The results showed that barchan dunes and barchan dune chains are located downwind of edge of the desert and are usually patchy distribution in the Hexi desert area of Gansu. Distribution area is flat beach land of clayey sand or gravel quality and more open between the dunes. On the wind of barchan dune there is average 246. 4m flat sand gravel beach land or stick gravelly beach land,and in downwind of barchan dune there is average 374. 4m flat sand gravel beach land or stick gravelly beach land. On the wind of barchan dune chain there is average 236. 6m flat sand gravel beach land or stick gravelly beach land,and in downwind of barchan dune chain there is average 958. 1m flat sand gravel beach land or stick gravelly beach land. There is obviously the main wind direction in the distribution area of barchan dunes and barchan dune chains. Wind speed of the other direction is small or occasionally high winds. Barchan dunes relatively tall,barchan dune chains higher and larger than barchan dunes in desert edge in Hexi area of Gansu.Analysis concluded that coincidence or separation of the highest point of the dunes and sand ridge line may be associated with the frequency distribution of dominant wind direction and opposite wind direction,and may be related to the observations season.