中文摘要：

组织蛋白酶D（cathepsin D,CTSD）是真核细胞溶酶体中天冬氨酸蛋白酶家族的主要成员,具有非常独特的合成和转运方式.CTSD由粗面内质网合成,通过多种蛋白质水解途径最终抵达细胞内的小泡结构（溶酶体、核内体、吞噬体）,从而发挥其生物学功能.早期认为,CTSD在溶酶体中只参与蛋白质的水解作用.近年研究发现,CTSD在多种生理（细胞增殖、细胞凋亡、细胞衰老和组织内稳态）和病理（阿尔茨海默病、动脉粥样硬化、先天性肌肉萎缩和癌症）条件中均发挥重要作用,并因其生物学功能的多样性而受到广泛关注.本文将着重对CTSD的生物合成与激活、生物学功能及临床应用进行综述,以期为疾病的诊断与治疗、药物的研发与筛选提供前沿的理论依据,为人类健康带来新的希望.

英文摘要：

Cathepsin D （CTSD） belongs to the aspartic proteinase superfamily in the lysosomes oIeukaryotic cells. CTSD possesses a unique feature of synthesis and transport, by which synthesized inrough endoplasmic reticulum, and delivered into intracellular vesicles of lysosomes, endosomes andphagosomes through a variety of proteolytic processes. CTSD was early considered to only participate inthe proteolytic processing. However, recent studies showed its roles in a variety of physiologicalprocesses, including cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell aging, tissue homeostasis. The abnormalexpression of CTSD was observed in Alzheimer＇ s disease, atherosclerosis, congenital myopathy, cancerand other pathological conditions. In this review, we discuss the biosynthesis, activation, biologicalfunctions, and clinical application of CTSD to provide information for the diagnosis and treatment ofrelated diseases.