中文摘要：

小胶质细胞作为常驻的免疫细胞,遍布于大脑和脊髓中,提供持续的免疫监视活动。当中枢神经系统组织细胞受到损伤时,小胶质细胞发生激活从而引起多种生物学效应。近年来研究显示多种亚型的电压门控型钠离子通道在小胶质细胞表面表达,并参与调节小胶质细胞的激活、吞噬、多种细胞因子/趋化因子的释放,迁移以及浸润等生理过程。本文针对电压门控型钠离子通道参与调节小胶质细胞生物学功能的最新进展进行了分析与归纳,并探讨其作用机制及未来研究的发展趋势。

英文摘要：

Microglial cells are widely distributed in the brain and spinal cord, and usually act as resident immune cells which could provide continuous monitoring roles within the central nervous system. When the cells in the central nervous system are injured, microglial cells are activated and induce a series of biological effects. Recently, several voltage-gated sodium channel subtypes were found to be expressed on the surface of the microglial cells which are able to participate in the regulation of the activation, phagocytosis, secretion of multiple cytokines/chemokines, migration, invasion of microglial cells, and etc. In the present study, the latest progresses on the regulation of voltage-gated sodium channel isoforms on microglial cells were summarized and analyzed. In addition, the mechanism and future research of the relationship between voltage-gated sodium channels and microglial cells were also discussed.