中文摘要：

目的 探讨复合异体脂肪干细胞（ADSCs）的去细胞异种神经修复猕猴桡神经缺损的效果.方法 于2010年3月至2012年5月,从雄性猕猴腘窝脂肪组织中分离出ADSCs,采用显微注射法将ADSCs种植在经化学萃取的去细胞猪胫神经上.用10只健康雌性猕猴,制成15侧上臂桡神经25 mm缺损模型,分为A、B、C三组（5侧/组）,分别用复合了雄性猕猴ADSCs的去细胞猪胫神经、未复合ADSCs的去细胞猪胫神经、自体神经进行修复.术后5个月进行伸腕功能评定及电生理学检测,并取材作神经移植体和伸腕肌组织学检查. 结果 术后5个月A、B、C三组伸腕角度恢复率分别为（80.53±15.30）％、（69.06±7.02）％和（99.91±22.16）％,电生理学检测显示桡神经恢复电传导功能,组织学检查显示移植体内有再生神经纤维通过,各项检测指标显示A组的修复效果优于B组,而C组则优于A组和B组,但各组的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 去细胞猪胫神经能有效修复猕猴25 mm长的桡神经缺损,复合异体ADSCs的去细胞猪胫神经其修复效果可能更优.

英文摘要：

Objective To study the effects after repair of nerve defect with acellular nerve xenograft laden with allogenic adipose-derived stem cells （ADSCs）in rhesus monkey.Methods Experiment time：March 2011 to May 2013.Isolated from the popliteal fossa fat of male Rhesus monkey,ADSCs were microinjected and planted on porcine acellular nerve xenograft by chemical extraction.The radial nerve defect models with 25 mm in length were established in 10 healthy adult female rhesus monkeys,and they were divided into group A,B and C （n =5） randomly,which were repaired with acellular nerve xenograft laden with allogenic ADSCs,acellular nerve xenograft only and nerve autograft.At 5 months after operation,the evaluation of wrist extension,electrophysiology and histological examination of the grafts and wrist extensor muscles were perform for nerve regeneration.Results At 5 months after operation,the recovery rate of wrist extension angle of group A,B and C were （80.53 ±15.30） %,（69.06 ± 7.02）% and （99.91 ± 22.16）% respectively.The conduction of radial nerve was recovered by electrophysiologcal detection and nerve fibers have regenerated by histological examination.In all indexes,group A was better than group B,while group C was better than group A and group B,which there was no statistical significance.Conclusion Porcine acellular nerve xenograft could repair 25 mm long radial nerve defect effectively in monkeys,whcih laden with allogenic ADSCs may be better than no laden with allogenic ADSCs.