中文摘要：

在中子缺乏的克同位素的变丑的富有的现象例如有中子数字和形状共存的形状进化，吸引原子物理学家的兴趣十年了。用一个新奇方法学习如此的形状现象有趣，例如由热地使原子核激动。在这个工作，我们开发为向轴的方向的功能的理论使变形了的有限温度 covariant 密度有由 BCS 配对关联的处理的原子核在 ^72,74 有增加温度的 Kr。为 ⁷² Kr 与温度增加，原子核第一经历一在温度 T ~ 的在过寺院生活的变丑的相对快的变弱 0.9 兆电子伏，然后变化从对过寺院生活在 T ~ 球形 2.1 兆电子伏。为 ⁷⁴ Kr，它的全球最小在四极变丑 ₂~ 0.14 并且突然地改变到在 T~ 1.7 兆电子伏球形。配对转变的质子发生在批评温度跟随规则 T _c =0.6 _{在哪儿的 p} (0), _p (0) 是在零温度配对差距的质子。上述配对的转变和形状变化的签名能在特定的热曲线被发现。有温度的单个粒子的水平进化被介绍。

英文摘要：

The rich phenomena of deformations in neutron-deficient krypton isotopes, such as shape evolution with neutron number and shape coexistence, have attracted the interest of nuclear physicists for decades. It is interesting to study such shape phenomena using a novel way, e.g. by thermally exciting the nucleus. In this work, we develop the finite temperature covariant density functional theory for axially deformed nuclei with the treatment of pairing correlations by the BCS approach, and apply this approach for the study of shape evolution in 72,74Kr with increasing temperature. For 72Kr, with temperature increasing, the nucleus firstly experiences a relatively quick weakening in oblate deformation at temperature T-0.9 MeV, and then changes from oblate to spherical at T-2.1 MeV. For 74Kr, its global minimum is at quadrupole deformation β2--0.14 and abruptly changes to spherical at T-1.7 MeV. The proton pairing transition occurs at critical temperature 0.6 MeV following the rule Tc =0.6△p （0）, where △p（0） is the proton pairing gap at zero temperature. The signatures of the above pairing transition and shape changes can be found in the specific heat curve. The single-particle level evolutions with temperature are presented.