中文摘要：

采用光镜技术对不同培养基下紫萁配子体发育和孢子体形成进行了研究.结果表明：（1）紫萁孢子绿色,四面体形,具三裂缝,孢子两极萌发分别产生假根和原叶体细胞,原叶体细胞形成球形体,球形体产生分生细胞发育为片状体和原叶体.（2）原叶体可为雄性、雌性或两性;雄原叶体较小,其两翼基部产生多数精子器;雌原叶体大,具有明显的中肋,在中肋两侧产生颈卵器;每个原叶体只有1个颈卵器受精发育为胚和孢子体.（3）2种培养基均能得到成熟的配子体,并产生孢子体,琼脂培养基上配子体发育快,但产生的孢子体生活力弱,移植不易成活;腐殖土培养基上配子体发育较慢,但得到的孢子体生活力强,容易移植,且腐殖土上的配子体寿命长,还可营养繁殖产生新的配子体.

英文摘要：

The gametophyte development and sporophyte formation cultured on agar and humus media were studied using microscopical techniques.（1）The spores are green,tetrahedral,and trilete.The polar germination of spore leads to produce a primary rhizoid and a prothallial cell.The prothallial cell develops into the sphere,plate and then matured gametophyte（adult prothallus）,respectively.（2）The matured gametophytes are distinguished as the male,female or hermaphroditic prothallia.The male gametophytes are usually small and produce antheridia in the basal of their wings.The female gametophytes are usually large and produce archegonia in the lateral side of the midrib.There is only one archegonium in each prothallus which can be fertilized and develops into embryo and sporophyte.（3）The matured gametophytes and sporophytes can be obtained in the two different culture media.However,the gametophytes develop fast on agar medium.But the viability of sporophytes obtained on this medium is weak and difficult to transplant.The gametophytes develop slowly on humus medium.But the viability of sporophytes obtained on this medium is strong and easy to transplant.In addition,the gametophyte can survive for a long time and produces new gametophytes through vegetative propagation.