中文摘要：

微小RNA（microRNAs,miRNAs）对细胞周期的调控已经得到证实,同时细胞周期调控依赖的转录因子（如c-MYC,E2F或P53）对miRNAs也具有调节作用,这些非编码小分子RNAs可通过扰乱关键的细胞周期调节因子而导致肿瘤的发生、发展。miRNAs作为基因表达的调节器,它的存在对于生物体的正常生长发育是非常必要的,miRNAs的异常表达会导致疾病甚至是癌症的发生,miRNAs在临床上正在逐渐变成一个非常重要的治疗靶标。

英文摘要：

The control of cell cycle by microRNAs（miRNAs） is well established and the transcriptional factors such as c-MYC,E2F or p53 are involved in regulation of miRNAs.The alterations of these small non-coding RNAs may contribute to tumor development by perturbing critical cell cycle regulators.As modulators of gene expression,miRNAs are essential for normal development.Unsurprisingly,abnormal expression of miRNAs is associated with many diseases,including cancer.MiRNAs have now become important potential therapeutic targets for many diseases.