中文摘要：

温州商会研究已经成为中国公民社会范例研究的重要组成部分。近年来，温州商会不仅在数量上快速增长，而且在社会经济领域发挥着日益重要的作用。在当代中国的制度环境中，温州商会得以率先发展，较快发展，并取得较好的绩效，确实存在一些堪称“例外”的特殊经验。但是，温州商会发展的基本经验正确认了民间商会形成和发展的前提和条件，其存在的问题和挑战正体现出商会发展制度环境的限度及商会发展的过程性、阶段性。在当前，制度环境的改善将推动中国公民社会的发展。国家必须进一步转变对待公民社会的态度，创新社会管理体制，推动并激发社会发展。鉴于当代中国的地方政府在行为选择上有着较大的自主性空间，推进地方政府创新是改善中国公民社会制度环境的又一重要途径。

英文摘要：

The research on Wenzhou industrial associations has been an important integral part of the typical cases of China＇s civil society. Recently, Wenzhou industrial associations, which are increasing not only in quantity but also in the socio-economic sphere, are playing an increasingly important role. Developing advantages have endowed Wenzhou industrial associations with a certain degree of particularity, but the development of the market economy, local government innovation, historical and cultural traditions, self-organization have undoubtedly provided Wenzhou industrial associations with a certain universality. The achievements and problems of Wenzhou industrial associations exactly reflect the institutional characteristics of the Chinese society. The emergence and development of China＇s civil society benefit from the improvement of the institutional environment which has become the obstacles of the further development of industrial associations. In order to improve the institutional environment of the civil society, which covers all kinds of organizations, the Chinese government needs to change its social management system, opening up more room for different organizations at the same time. The government should enhance its regulation on the social organizations under the judicial framework.