中文摘要：

【目的】研究长白山臭冷杉凋落物分解率和C、N、P元素释放量的变化规律,探讨土壤动物在凋落物分解过程中对臭冷杉凋落物分解和养分元素释放的影响,进一步完善土壤动物生态学研究,为长白山地区森林保护与管理提供科学依据。【方法】2011年10月—2012年10月,利用凋落物袋法对长白山北坡暗针叶林和明亮针叶林2个亚带（2类生境）优势种——臭冷杉凋落物的分解率、养分动态及土壤动物的作用进行研究。采用手捡和Tullgren法相结合来分离凋落物中的土壤动物,凋落物中有机碳（TOC）的测定先采用过量的K2Cr O7-H2SO4经高温消煮分解后,再用Fe SO4滴定法滴定,全氮（TN）和全磷（TP）相对含量的测定采用Smartchem140全自动化学分析仪完成。采用SPSS 18.0软件分析生境、网孔及其相互作用对凋落物分解率及养分含量的综合影响,并运用Pearson相关系数分析土壤动物个体数和类群数与凋落物分解率以及养分绝对含量间的关系。利用Canono for Windows4.5对各土壤动物类群与凋落物分解率和养分元素绝对含量进行冗余分析。【结果】2类生境中臭冷杉凋落物经过1年的分解,在1 mm网袋内的分解率显著高于0.01 mm网袋（P〈0.05）。2种网袋内凋落物分解表现出季节性变化,夏秋季分解率高于冬春季。明亮针叶林2种网袋内凋落物的分解率高于暗针叶林。2类生境中2种网袋内的凋落物TN、TP相对含量经过1年的分解均有上升,且暗针叶林显著高于明亮针叶林,尤其是1 mm网袋内TP相对含量显著高于明亮针叶林（P〈0.05）;在明亮针叶林1 mm网袋内凋落物TOC相对含量低于暗针叶林,而0.01 mm网袋内相反。分解1年后2种生境1 mm网袋内凋落物TP相对含量显著低于0.01 mm网袋（P=0.001）,而TN和TOC含量没有显著差异。暗针叶林凋落物分解过程中在网袋内共捕获21个类群905只土壤动物,明亮针叶林共捕获19?

英文摘要：

【Objective】In order to promote the soil fauna ecological study and provide the scientific management basis for the protection of forests in Changbai Mountains,the decomposition rate and nutrient release of Abies nephrolepis litter and the effect of soil fauna were studied in the coniferous forests of Changbai Mountains.【Method】Two kinds of litterbags with different mesh sizes of,1 mm and 0. 01 mm,were used to examine the needle litter decomposition rate and nutrient release of the dominant tree species（ A. nephrolepis） and the effect of soil fauna on the processes in the coniferous forests of northern slope of Changbai Mountains. Soil fauna in the litterbags were separated from litter by hand picking and Tullgren funnel methods. The TOC content in litter was determined using the Fe SO4 titrimetric method. TN and TP contents were determined by an automated analyzer（ WESTCO,Smartchem140,USA）. Repeated-measures ANOVA were carried out to evaluate the effects of habitat,mesh size and their interactions on the decomposition rate and the contents ofTOC,TN,and TP. Pearson ＇s correlation coefficients were conducted to examine the relationship between the group number,individual of soil fauna and the decomposition rate and the contents of TOC,TN,and TP. Redundancy analysis（ RDA） was performed to evaluate the relationships between soil fauna and the decomposition rate and the contents of TOC,TN,TP. 【Result】After a year of field incubation,the decomposition rates in the 1 mm litterbags were significant higher than that in 0. 01 mm litterbags in two habitats（ P〈0. 05）. The decomposition rates in two kinds of litterbags varied seasonally,and the decomposition rates in the summer and autumn were higher than those in winter and spring. Litter decomposition rate in the bright coniferous forest was higher than that in the dark coniferous forest at the end of experiment.The TN and TP relative contents（ g·kg^-1） in litter rose in both mesh sizes litterbags. The TN and TP contents in the dark coni