中文摘要：

对我国东北地区收集的239份山荆子资源的树姿、叶形以及果形等19个表型性状多样性进行了研究。结果表明,我国黑龙江省和内蒙古自治区山荆子具有丰富的表型多样性,平均变异系数和平均多样性指数分别为32.65%和1.38,其中树姿、树型以及叶片颜色等13个目测性状的平均变异系数为38.43%,平均遗传多样性指数为0.95,而叶长、叶宽以及叶柄长等6个测量性状的平均变异系数为26.87%,平均遗传多样性指数为1.80。进一步分析发现,不同地区山荆子表型多样性存在差异,以黑龙江温春山荆子多样性水平最高。基于19个表型性状的聚类分析发现,在欧氏距离为2.5时,参试山荆子材料可以划分为2大类,7个亚类,各地区山荆子材料聚类较为分散,没有形成独立的分类群,暗示山荆子材料遗传基础较为复杂。

英文摘要：

In order to efficiently use Malus baccata（L.） Borkh. germplasm,this study analyzed the phenotypic diversity of 19 morphological traits such as tree performance,leaf shape and fruit shape of 239 M. baccata（L.）Borkh. germplasm collected in northeast China. The results showed that M. baccata（L.） Borkh. in Heilongjiang province and Inner Mongolia autonomous region were rich in phenotypic diversity,with mean variation coefficient（CV） of 32. 65% and Shannon＇s diversity index（H＇） of 1. 38. The CV and H＇ for 13 visual characters of M. baccata（L.） Borkh. such as tree performance,tree shape and leaf color were 38. 43% and 0. 95,while were 26. 87% and1. 80 for 6 measured characters such as leaf length,leaf width and petiole length. Further analysis showed that phenotypic diversity of M. baccata（L.） Borkh. existed differences among different regions,which was the highest in Wenchun of Heilongjiang. Cluster analysis based on 19 morphological traits showed that all of materials could be divided into 2 populations,7 subpopulations at the euclidean distance of 2. 5. It implied that there had been complex genetic basis for M. baccata（L.） Borkh. because of all of materials were dispersed and did not form a separate population.