中文摘要：

目的探讨武汉市大学新生适应不良状况及其与家庭环境因素之间的关系。方法采用整群抽样方法抽取武汉市两所综合性大学1188名大学新生进行问卷调查，收到有效问卷1072份。资料分析采用t检验和x^2检验比较组间差异，用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析探讨不同性别大学新生适应不良与家庭环境因素的关系。结果不同性别之间，适应不良在总体上差异无统计学意义（t=0．20，P=0．838）；情绪适应和躯体适应维度女生得分高于男生（t1=-3．19，P，=0．001；t2=-2．28，P2=0．023）；行为适应维度男生得分高于女生（t：2．92，P=0．004）。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示：男生中，家庭环境因素对适应不良的发生影响均无统计学意义（均有P〉0．05）；女生中，父母经常打架是适应不良发生的危险因素（OR=4．44，95％CI．1．77—9．13），经常主动向家人谈心里话是其保护因素（OR=0．41，95％Cl：0．19～0．90）。结论本研究显示不同性别大学新生在不同适应维度发生的状况不同。家庭环境因素与大学新生适应不良之间的关系存在性别差异，应针对不同性别适应不良采取不同的干预措施。

英文摘要：

Objective To analyze mal-adaptation and its relationship with family factors among college freshmen in Wuhan City. Methods 1 188 freshmen from 2 universities in Wuhan City were selected by the cluster sampling and were administered by a designed questionnaire and 1 072 students met the standard . The relationship between mal-adaptation and family factors was explored using a non-conditional logistic regression model. Results There was no statistical signifi- cance in total adjustment score between male and female students （ t = 0. 20, P = 0. 838）. However, male students were more likely to report behavior mal-adaptation（t = 2. 92, P = 0. 004）, whereas female students were more likely to report emotion mal-adaptation and somatic problems （t1 = -3.19,Pl --0. 001 ; t2 = -2. 28,P2 = 0. 023 ）. For male students, family factors had no relationship with mal-adaptation statistically （ all P 〉 0.05 ）. However, for female students, fights between parents increased the risk of real-adaptation （ OR = 4.44, 95% CI： 1.77-9. 13 ）, and communication with family members reduced the risk of mal-adaptation （OR =0. 41,95% CI： 0. 19-0. 90）. Conclusions There is statistical signifi- cance in some dimensions of adjustment between male and female students. Gender difference may exit in the relationship between family factors and mal-adaptation of college students.