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夏秋季花粉症症状与花粉播散的相关性分析

ISSN号：1673-0860
期刊名称：中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志
时间：2012.8
页码：623-627
分类：R595.5[医药卫生—临床医学;医药卫生—内科学]
作者机构：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所教育部耳鼻咽喉科学重点实验室(首都医科大学),100730, [2]北京市专业气象台
相关基金：国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金（81025007）;北京市自然科学基金（7102030）;北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才课题（2009-02-007）
相关项目：耳鼻咽喉科学

关键词：变应原, 花粉, 鼻炎, 变应性, 季节性, Allergens , Pollen, Rhinitis, allergic, seasonal

中文摘要：

目的探讨北京地区2011年6-9月大气中花粉种属和含量与单纯花粉过敏的变应性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis，AR）患者症状的相关性。方法使用Durhum花粉采集仪监测2011年6-9月花粉的种属和含量；将6-9月皮肤点刺试验（skinprick test，SPT）阳性的AR患者，分为单纯花粉过敏患者组（花粉组）及花粉并常年性过敏原过敏患者组（混合组），2组患者均予症状评估，并分析2组AR患者发病时间与大气中花粉含量的相关性。以SPSS16．0软件进行统计学分析。结果夏秋季花粉量高峰呈现在8月下旬到9月上旬，鉴定到的花粉主要包括蒿属、蓰草和藜属；日花粉含量最高达638粒／1000mm2。6_9月门诊行SPT检查的患者占全年的51．9％，其中花粉变应原阳性患者1509例，占阳性患者的60．7％；6-9月花粉变应原阳性患者数量和阳性率逐月上升，且与花粉播散量呈正相关（r值分别为0．90和0．99，P值均〈0．05）。花粉组和混合组患者的过敏症状开始时间均与夏秋花粉播散量明显相关；混合组患者的咳嗽症状评分显著高于花粉组（t=2．36，P〈0．05），其余症状评分差异无统计学意义（t值分别为1．50、0．35、0．57和0．19，P值均〉0．05）。结论花粉播散时间和含量对花粉过敏的AR患者有不可忽视的影响，空气中花粉含量的监测可为临床变应性疾病的诊断、治疗和预防提供重要的依据。

英文摘要：

Objective To analyze the correlation between airborne pollen concentrations and symptoms in patients with pollen allergic rhinitis. Methods Durhum sampler was used to collect the pollen concentration and species from June to September in 2011. The clinical skin prick test （SPT） data were analyzed. The patients with pollen allergic rhinitis were divided into pure pollen allergic rhinitis group （pollen group） and pollen combined perennial allergens allergic rhinitis group （combined group）. Symptom scores of patients were assessed, and correlation between pollen concentration and onset of symptoms of patients were analyzed. SPSS 16. 0 software was used to analyse the data. Results While the peak of Summer-Autumn pollen concentration appeared from August 20 to September 15, the major pollen included Artemisia L, Chenopodium album and Humulus scandens. The peak of pollen concentration in one day reached 638/1000 mm2. The patients taken SPT from June to September accounted for 51.9% of the patients in whole year, among which SPT pollen positive patients were 1509, 60. 7% of all SPT positive patients. The amount and rate of SPT positive patients showed significant correlation with pollen concentration（ r value were 0. 90 and 0. 99, both P 〈 0. 05 ）. Onset of symptoms in two groups was correlated with pollen concentration in Summer-Autumn. Symptoms of cough in combined group showed more severe compared with patients with pollen group （ t = 2.36, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Pollen concentration has a major effect on onset of symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Airborne pollen monitoring has important preventive and therapeutic significance on patients with allergic rhinitis.

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