中文摘要：

毛乌素沙地环境变化的人文因素需要做更为细致的考察。自清初以降,蒙古游牧民在＂分旗划界＂体制下,逐步开始驻牧生产,同时,内地汉族移民也呈现日益增多的趋势。但是单纯的人口数量变化、生产方式改变对于构建演变中的人类活动和地理环境之间的关系尚缺乏合理解释。对于清代陕北长城外伙盘地的土地权属关系的考察揭示出：蒙边垦殖的过程实质上是伙盘地移民社会构建的过程;土地权属问题的变更是蒙边垦殖出现、深化的契机,亦是影响当地自然环境变化的深层原因。

英文摘要：

The human dimension of environmental change in the Ordos Dessert requires more meticulous studies.Since the early Qing Dynasty,Mongolian nomads gradually began to engage in animal husbandry in a fixed area.In the meantime,the region of Han Chinese immigrants gradually increased.But population changes and changes in productive activities alone cannot explain the evolution of the human construction activities and the relationship with the geographical environment.This essay examines land tenure relations,immigration and the construction of society with the ＂local experience＂ of farmers and herdsmen in production outside the Great Wall in Northern Shaanxi.The author concludes that the process of land reclamation was essentially process of constructing an immigrant society.Changes in land ownership issues emerged with land reclamation,deepening the opportunity,but also affect the underlying causes of changes in the local natural environment.We cannot simply explain change and the environment linked to the production of farmers and herdsmen,but should be more meticulous and detail-oriented in analyzing the production processes.