中文摘要：

作为一类既有自我更新能力,并具有多向分化潜能的细胞,胚胎干细胞具有非常重要的理论研究意义和临床应用前景。近期以胚胎干细胞为模型,研究有关干细胞分化的表观遗传调控已成为新的研究热点。本文就胚胎干细胞分化过程中DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、非编码RNA调控以及与胚胎干细胞分化密切相关的表观遗传学动态变化做一概述,对表观遗传学改变与胚胎干细胞分化关系的基础研究进行探讨。

英文摘要：

Stem cells are characterized by extensive self-renewal and the ability to differentiate into various celltype specific progeny. Progression from stem cells into different differentiated progeny requires long-lasting changes in gene expression. Emerging evidences suggest that embryonic stem/progenitor cells are excellent candidates for exploring stem cells differentiation mechanism involving the action of a unique epigenetic program, including DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA-mediated regulatory events. The review focuses on dynamic epigenetic regulation in embryonic stem cell differentiation and also highlights a general role of epigenetic changes in stem cell differentiation.