中文摘要：

以产蛋期扬州鹅为试验素材，取排卵前F1～F4卵泡、最小排卯前卵泡（SPF）、小黄卵泡（SYF）和闭锁卵泡，利用HE染色、透射电镜和流式细胞术分析鹅卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡，采用放射免疫分析法检测各级卵泡的卵黄雌激素（E2）和孕激素（P4）水平，探讨鹅卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡与卵黄E2和P4水平的关系。结果表明：①闭锁卵泡的颗粒细胞表现出明显的凋亡特征；②在卵泡选择过程中，E2水平显著上升，P4水平略有上升；③卵泡从排卵前阶段逐渐发育至F1卵泡的过程中，E2水平逐渐降低，而P4水平急剧升高；④闭锁卵泡的卵黄E2水平极显著低于各级正常卵泡，而P4水平极显著高于除F1卵泡外的其他各级卵泡；⑤正常卵泡的颗粒细胞凋亡指数与E2水平呈正相关（r=0．514），与P4水平呈负相关（r=-0．744）。

英文摘要：

Seven egg-laying Yangzhou geese were killed to obtain follicle F1 - F4 , SPF, SYF and AF, and apoptotic granulosa ceils in different rank of follicles were analyzed by TEM, HE staining and flow cytometry. Meanwhile, yolk 17β-estradiol （E2 ） and progesterone （P4） levels in follicles with different rank were detected by RIA. Results were as follows： （1） granulosa ceils collected from AF had apoptotic features analyzed by TEM and HE staining. （2） There were a sharp increase of E2 secretion and a slight increase of P4 secretion during follicle selection. （3） When SPF reached F1 , yolk E2 level decreased while P4 level sharply increased. （4） E2 level of AF was significantly lower than that of healthy follicles, while P4 level was on the contrary. （5） There were a positive correlation between 1A of healthy follicular granulosa ceils and yolk E2 level and a negative correlation between 1A of healthy follicular granulosa ceils and yolk P4 level, and the correlations coefficients were 0. 514 and -0. 744 respectively.