中文摘要：

随着古气候和古环境研究的日渐深入，“特有种气候分析法”成为新生代定量重建古气候研究的重要方法之一。使用这一方法分析了浙江东部天台中新统下南山组的古亮叶桦（Betula mioluminifera Huet Chaney）压型化石，研究了其叶结构特征及表皮微细构造，定量推论浙江天台中新世时年平均温度为12．5～22．1℃，春季平均温度为13．0～23．1℃，较现在温暖。我国内蒙、吉林、山东、云南等地的新近系发现过古亮叶桦，分布的北界为42°N。其现存最近亲缘种亮叶桦（Betula luminifera）生活在101～119°E，23～34°N之间，海拔500～1800m的山区，是我国特有树种。亮叶桦分布范围的缩小显示中新世一段时期我国气候逐渐变冷的趋势。

英文摘要：

Along with the strengthening of the research of palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment, the “climate analysis of endemic species” method has become one of efficient methods that can reconstruct palaeoclimate quantitatively. The compression of fossil Betula mioluminifera Hu et Chaney in the Xia＇nanshan Formation of the Miocene in Tiantai, Zhejiang province, China, was analyzed by this method, and the leaf architecture and cuticular structure of the fossil were studied. The mean annual temperature 12.5 -22. 1℃ and the spring temperature 13.0 - 23.1 ℃ in the Miocene of Eastem Zhejiang were quantitatively reconstructed. As a result, the palaeoclimate of the Miocene was warmer than that of today. Fossil Betula mioluminifera had been found in the Neogene in Inner Mongo- lia, Jilin, Shandong and Yunnan Provinces in China, and the northem boundary of its natural distribution is 42°N. The living Betula luminifera is the nearest living relative species of fossil Betula mioluminifera and is also an endemic species in China. It grows from 500 - 1 800 m above sea level, within the geographic range from 101°E to l19°E and 23°N to 34°N. The decrease of distribution range of Betula luminifera shows a gradual cool climate trend gradually in some time of the Miocene.