中文摘要：

目的利用超声彩色多普勒技术对构建的大鼠腹主动脉缩窄（abdominalaorticconstriction，AAC）模型进行检测，评价动物模型的心脏结构、功能变化。方法以0．3mm银夹缩窄双侧肾动脉上段（约0．5cm处）的腹主动脉制备压力超负荷大鼠模型36只，按时间分为AAC-2周组、AAC-4周组和AAC-8周组及假手术（Sham）组（每组12只）。建模后2周、4周和8周时，用Vevo2100型动物微小超声心动图仪进行M—mode超声检测心功能指标，如射血分数（ejectionfraction，EF）、左心室短轴缩短率（fractionalshortening，FS）、左心室舒张期前壁厚度（1eftventricularend—diastolicanteriorwallthickness，LVAWd）、左心室收缩期前壁厚度（1eftventricularend—systolicanteriorwallthickness，LVAWs）、左心室舒张期后壁厚度（1eftventrieularend—diastolicposteriorwallthickness，LVPWd）、左心室收缩期后壁厚度（1eftventricularend—systolicposteriorwallthickness，LVPWs）、左心室舒张末期内径（leftventficularend—diastolicinternaldimension，LVEDd）、左心室收缩末期内径（1eftventricularend—systolicinternaldimension，LVEDs）；和超声彩色多普勒测量腹主动脉缩窄前、后的血流量，二尖瓣E／A值；测量左心室质量指数（1eftventricularmassindex，LVMI）等。结果（1）同Sham组比较，AAC-2周组的EF、FS、LVEDd、LVEDs明显降低（P〈0．01），而LVAWd、LVAWs、LVPWd、LVPWs均明显增加（P〈0．05）；腹主动脉缩窄前段血流量与管腔增大，缩窄后段血流量和管腔显著变小；且出现E／A值和LVMI改变明显（P〈0．01），AAC-2周组左心室肥厚明显。（2）同AAC-2周组比较，AAC-4周和AAC-8周组EF、FS、LVAWd、LVAWs、LVPWd、LVPWs明显降低，而LVEDd、LVEDs明显增加，且缩窄后段血流速度、血流量明显变小，而E／A值及LVMI增加明显（P〈0．05）。AAC-4周组与AAC-8周组心脏体积、左心室腔明显增大呈心力衰竭病变。

英文摘要：

Objectives To determine the changes of cardiac structure and function in a rat model of abdominal aortic constriction （AAC） by color Doppler echocardiography assay. Methods A rat model of AAC was established by fixing a 0.3 mm silver clip at the bilateral renal artery （located at about 0.5 cm from the top）. Thirty-six survived rats were randomized into 2-week AAC （AAC-2W） group, AAC-4W group, AAC-SW group and sham operation （Sham） group （12 in each group）. At 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after AAC surgery, the rats underwent two-dimensional （2D）-guided M-mode transthoracic echocardiography by tiny echocardiography instrument Vevo 2100. The cardiac function variables, including ejection fraction （EF）, fractional shortening （FS）, left ventricular end-diastolic anterior wall thickness （LVAWd）, left ventricular end-systolic anterior wall thickness （LVAWs）, left ventricular end-diastolic posterior wall thickness （LVPWd）, left ventricular end-systolic posterior wall thickness （LYPWs）, left ventricular end- diastolic internal dimension （LVEDd） and left ventricular end-systolic internal dimension （LVEDs） were determined. Blood flows before and after AAC surgery and mitral E/A ratios were measured by color Doppler assay. Left ventricular mass index （LVMI） was also measured. Results （1） Compared with sham group, variables of EF, FS, LVEDd and LVEDs were significantly lower （P〈0.01）, while LVAWd, LVAWs, LVPWd and LVPWs significantly increased （P〈 0.05） in AAC-2W group. Anterior blood flow before AAC surgery and vascular lumen increased, while posterior blood flow after AAC and vascular lumen significantly decreased, with significant changes of E/A ratios and LVMI （P〈0.01）. Left ventricular hypertrophy appeared in 2 weeks after AAC surgery. （2） Compared with AAC-2W group, EF, FS, LVAWd, LVAWs, LVPWd and LVPWs significantly reduced, while LVEDd and LVEDs significantly increased in AAC- 4W group and AAC-SW group. Posterior blood flow velocity