中文摘要：

以城市居住小区为统计单元，研究了吉林市城市居住小区的空间结构和社会结构。通过对吉林市居住小区资料的分析，归纳为5种类型：传统边缘小区、单位住宅小区、混合住宅小区、中低档商品房小区和高档商品房小区。运用密度分析法、圈层距离分析法和景观格局测度法，分析了各类居住小区的空间形态特征，归纳出目前吉林市城市居住空间的3个空间结构层次：中心城区、外围城区和城市边缘区。传统边缘小区主要分布在城市边缘区，在西部和南部边缘有较高的密度；单位住宅小区主要分布在中心城区和外围城区，地块破碎度较小；混合住宅小区数量最多，面积最大，主要分布在中心城区，外围城区也有较多分布；中低档住宅小区数量很多，分布较均匀；高档商品房小区主要分布在中心城区和外围城区交汇处的松花江沿岸，在城市边缘区没有分布。运用叠置分析法分析了吉林市城市居住空间的资源可获性，并将资源可获性划分为5个等级，其中混合住宅小区的资源可获性指数最高，传统边缘小区指数最低。通过对小区居民的调查问卷，分析了各个类别城市居住小区内居民的社会结构特征。发现小区的社会分异现象初显，居住小区内居民同质属性越来越弱，居民生活社区化明显，邻里关系淡化，老龄化特征凸显。

英文摘要：

Since the 1990s, with the deepening of the reform of economic, political and social systems, the real estate of Jilin City was growing, living conditions were improved constantly, and new features of urban residen- tial space emerged. First of all, the authors classified the residential districts in Jilin City as five types： traditional edge residential district, work-unit residential district, mixed residential district, middle-low grade commercial housing district and high-grade commercial housing district. The authors utilized series of methods such as density analysis, circle distance analysis and landscape pattern analysis to analyze spatial morphological characteristics of the residential district in Jilin City. Next, the authors summarized three levels of spatial structure in the residential district： central urban area, peripheral urban area, and urban edge area. Among them, traditional edge residential district mainly distributed in urban edge area, and had higher density in the western and southern edge area; Work- unit residential district mainly distributed in central urban area and peripheral urban area whose plot fragmentation was smaller. Mixed residential district mainly distributed in the central urban area and also had a large area distri- bution in peripheral urban area which had the largest numbers and the largest area of all; There were many middle- low-grade commercial housing districts that were uniformly distributed. High-grade commercial housing district mainly distributed in convergence zone of central urban area and peripheral urban area along the Songhuajiang river- side, but there was no distribution in urban edge area. After that, the authors analyzed the resource accessibility of residential space, and divided it into five grades. The mixed residential district had the highest resource accessibili- ty index while the traditional edge residential district had the lowest. Finally, the authors analyzed the social struc- ture characteristics of the residential district in Jilin City