中文摘要：

云南是我国九大葡萄种植产区之一,葡萄种植虽经济收入可观,但随着种植时间的延长,连作障碍逐渐凸显。本研究采用稀释平板法和最大似然法对云南弥勒葡萄种植区不同种植年限（3,6,10,30年）的玫瑰蜜葡萄根际土壤微生物数量进行了研究,并与土壤肥力因子进行相关性分析。结果表明：1不同种植年限葡萄根际土壤微生物以细菌占数量优势,其次为放线菌;2随种植年限增加,葡萄根际土壤由“细菌型”向“真菌型”转化,B/F和A/F呈现先增高后降低的趋势;3随种植年限增加,硝化细菌、自生固氮菌、有机磷分解菌、无机磷分解菌和纤维素分解菌的数量逐渐减少,且数量上表现为无机磷细菌〉自生固氮菌〉纤维素分解菌〉有机磷细菌〉硝化细菌;4与相关土壤肥力因子的主成分分析表明,土壤速效钾与微生物数量相关,土壤肥力与种植年限相关。

英文摘要：

Yunnan is one of the nine grape planting regions in China. The continuous cropping obsta- cle of grape is gradually getting more and more serious with planting years. In order to reveal the microbial reasons of these obstacles, rhizosphere microbial community and soil fertility change of vineyard with different planting years （3, 6, 10, 30 years） in Mile county, Yunnan Province were determined using the standard dilution-plating technique and MPN. The results showed that the amount of bacteria was the most abundant, followed by actinomyces in all planting-years samples. Total microbe population, B/F and A/F of soils increased in the beginning and then decreased with the cultivation years, the peak of those were observed with 6 years samples and the lowest were with 30 years samples. The amount of fungi continuously increased with the cultivation years. Abiogenous azotobacter, nitrifying bacteria, inorganic phosphorus bacteria, organic phosphorus bacteria and cellulose decomposing bacteria decreased with cropping year increase, and their population followed the order： inorganic phosphorus bacteria 〉 abiogenous azotobacter 〉 cellulose decomposing bacteria 〉 organic phosphorus bacteria 〉 nitrifying bacteria. The result also indicted that rhizosphere soil shifted from bacteria type to fungi type significantly after continuous cropping and the beneficial bacteria populations were decreased. Based on soil fertility index, the fertility level increased in the beginning and then decreased with the cultivation years. The principal component analysis showed that available K was related to several microbial amounts, and fertility level was related to planting-years.