中文摘要：

细菌能自发产生、释放特定的信号分子,并感知其浓度变化,调节微生物的群体行为,这一调控系统称为群体感应。革兰氏阴性菌的群体感应一般由N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯（Acylhomoserine lactones,AHLs）这类信号分子介导。在简要总结AHLs分子及其衍生物结构的基础上,结合近年来国内外研究进展,对AHLs的提取、鉴定和检测等分析测试方法进行了综述,旨在为建立土壤中AHLs的检测方法以及深入研究AHLs信号分子在土壤中的环境行为奠定基础。

英文摘要：

With the development of microbiology,Quorum sensing（QS）,closely related to many physiological characteristics and activities,is getting more and more attention. QS in bacteria is a kind of mechanism for intracellular or intercellular communication in response to variation of the community in density,aiming at coordinating their population behavior and controlling gene expression. QS of Gramnegative bacteria is generally controlled by the Luxl/R-type information system,using N-acyl-homoserine lactones（AHLs）as signal molecules to regulate diverse physiological processes such as generation of exoenzyme and toxin by pathogenic bacteria,formation of biomembrane,bioluminescence,biosynthesis of antibiotic,bacteria motility and even degradation of organic pollutants. How to rapidly and accurately detect and monitor variation of AHLs in environment and cells is an important basis for the study on quorum sensing. Therefore,an overall review is presented here on AHLs as representative signal molecules,summarizing their characteristics,structures,derivatives and different analyzing methods as well. As the concentration of AHLs in the cell and the environment is usually very low,pre-concentration is necessary for its determination. For pre-treatment of liquid samples,Liquid-liquid extraction and solidphase extraction are two common methods used to isolate AHLs from liquid matrix. The former is the most widely used one,while the latter has dual functions,concentration and purification,simultaneously. The identification of unknown signal molecules plays a vital role in understanding the information communication between microfloras. To identify structures of AHLs,the techniques of chromatograph-mass spectrometer,capillary zone electrophoresis/mass spectrometry（CZE/MS）,Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry（FTICR/MS）and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy（NMR）are commonly used. To quantitatively analyze AHLs compounds,the techniques of biosensors,thin layer chromatography,high perform