中文摘要：

目的探讨癫痫大鼠模型发作不同时间点,小胶质细胞的激活和极化情况.方法 80只雄性SD大鼠随机分为5组：即对照组、癫痫发作后1 d、3 d、7 d、14 d模型组.采用氯化锂-匹罗卡品联合制备癫痫模型,对照组给予相同剂量的生理盐水,发作相应时间点取材,免疫荧光染色观察小胶质细胞激活的形态学变化,免疫组织化学染色检测i NOS和Arg-1的表达变化.结果癫痫发作后不同时间点均有小胶质细胞的激活,细胞突触减少,胞体变圆,大部分呈阿米巴样;与对照组相比,模型组在癫痫发作后不同时间,i NOS的表达均有升高,Arg-1的表达均下降,3 d最为明显,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论在匹罗卡品诱导的癫痫大鼠模型中,小胶质细胞在癫痫发作后不同时间出现明显激活和极化.

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the activition and polarization of microglia in the epileptic rats induced by lithium chloride-pilocarpine. Methods One hundred male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups： control group and different time points model groups including 1d,3d,7d and 14 d. Epilepsy models were established by lithium chloride-pilocarpine intraperitoneal injection. The control group was given the same dosage of normal saline.The morphology change was detected by immunofluorescence, and the expressions of iNOS and Arg-1 were determined by IHC at respective time points. Results Compared the model groups with control group, microglia was activated, synapsis was shorten,volume got bigger, most of them seemed as amoebocyte, the expression of i NOS increased and Arg-1 decreased,especially at 3d.Conclusion The results from this study indicated that microglia was activated and polarized in epileptic rats induced by pilocarpine.