中文摘要：

在季节性商品销售环境下，考虑由一个供应商和两个零售商所组成的两级供应链模型．引入VMI运行机制，讨论供应商的最优库存决策．传统上，供应商总是在销售季节开始前确定各个零售商处的库存量，而不会对两个零售商处的库存进行调节．研究当供应商有能力在销售季节开始之初对两个零售商处的库存进行调节时其最优决策将发生的变化．文章进一步讨论了库存转运对零售商以及供应链整体性能所带来的影响．分析了单位转运价格等参数变动对最优解的影响．用一个算例对结论进行了说明．

英文摘要：

The supply chain in our paper comprises one supplier and two retailers, and the products are per- ishable and sold over a single selling season. A vendor-managed inventory （VMI） mode is introduced, and the supplier＇ s optimal inventory decisions are analyzed. Traditionally, the supplier decides each retailer＇ s in- ventory quantity before the selling season seperately, when the demand is uncertain. And the supplier has no chance to modulate inventory between the two retailers, which is similar to the classical newsvendor model. And we show that, the supplier＇ s optimal inventory decisions change if the supplier has the ability to transship inventory between the two retailers at the beginning of the selling season, when all the demand uncertainty is resolved. The impacts on the supplier＇ s optimal decisions brought by the inventory transshipment tactics are discussed. The paper also discusses how the optimal solutions change when the unit transshipment cost chan- ges. Our research shows that the supplier can always gain more profit by introducing transshipment tactics. The introducing of transshipment tactics also affects the retailers＇ expected profits, and the retailers can gain more profit if the parameters are within some range. We also discuss the performances of the whole supply chain under different conditions. All our findings are illustrated by a numerical example.