中文摘要：

在它上的海冰和雪包装用中国国家北极研究远征(CHINARE ) 浮标数据被调查。二个极的水象学的流浪者，作为 Zeno 知道？冰车站，在 CHINARE 2003 期间被部署。高分辨率的雪和冰集体平衡的一种新类型穿，作为 SIMBA 浮标知道，在 CHINARE 2014 期间被部署。从那些浮标的数据被使用在 CHINARE 域调查海冰和雪的厚度。一条简单途径被使用根据 Zeno 估计平均的雪厚度吗？温度数据。雪和冰厚度也基于 SIMBA 浮标从垂直温度侧面数据被导出。一个维的雪和冰热力学的模型(HIGHTSI ) 被使用沿着浮标飘移轨道计算雪和冰厚度。强迫的模型基于中等范围的天气预报(ECMWF ) 的欧洲中心的预报和分析。Zeno？浮标在 2003-2004 期间在一个限制区域漂流了。雪厚度当模特儿使用 HIGHTSI 基于 Zeno 与结果一致吗？鼓励数据。SIMBA 浮标从 81.1 漂流了 ? 顜吗？？

英文摘要：

Sea ice and the snow pack on top of it were investigated using Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition （CHINARE） buoy data. Two polar hydrometeorological drifters, known as Zeno ice stations, were deployed during CHINARE 2003. A new type of high-resolution Snow and Ice Mass Balance Arrays, known as SIMBA buoys, were deployed during CHINARE 2014. Data from those buoys were applied to investigate the thickness of sea ice and snow in the CHINARE domain. A simple approach was applied to estimate the average snow thickness on the basis of Zeno temperature data. Snow and ice thicknesses were also derived from vertical temperature profile data based on the SIMBA buoys. A one-dimensional snow and ice thermodynamic model （HIGHTSI） was applied to calculate the snow and ice thickness along the buoy drift trajectories. The model forcing was based on forecasts and analyses of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts （ECMWF）. The Zeno buoys drifted in a confined area during 2003-2004. The snow thickness modelled applying HIGHTSI was consistent with results based on Zeno buoy data. The SIMBA buoys drifted from 81. 1°N, 157.4°W to 73.5°N, 134.9°W in 15 months during 2014-2015. The total ice thickness increased from an initial August 2014 value of 1.97 m to a maximum value of 2.45 in before the onset of snow melt in May 2015; the last observation was approximately 1 m in late November 2015. The ice thickness based on HIGHTSI agreed with SIMBA measurements, in particular when the seasonal variation of oceanic heat flux was taken into account, but the modelled snow thickness differed from the observed one. Sea ice thickness derived from SIMBA data was reasonably good in cold conditions, but challenges remain in both snow and ice thickness in summer.