中文摘要：

合理的耕作是创建土壤良好耕层结构的手段,精确定量描述土壤结构体可为采取有效措施改善土壤结构体提供科学的指导。本文使用数字图像分析技术,分析和比较了不同茬口水稻土在犁耕和旋耕条件下生成的土壤结构体的棱角性、形状指数以及矩形度。结果表明旋耕生成的土壤结构体的棱角性、形状指数高于犁耕,相同耕作机具下稻茬口土壤结构体的棱角性和形状指数高于麦茬口。显著性差异分析表明,棱角性、形状指数能较好地区分不同耕作方式的土壤结构体。数字图像法可以从土壤结构体的矩形度、形状指数和棱角性这些具有“视觉”效果的形态学指标中更为准确定量和直观地表征土壤结构体。

英文摘要：

Suitable tillage system is an effective tool for creating optimum soil structure at topsoil. Accurate quantification of soil structures would provide scientific guild for the improvement of soil structure. Digital image processing was performed to analyze and compare the angularity, shape index and rectangularity of soil structures in both post-paddy and post-wheat fields under plowing and rotary tilling. Results showed that the angularity and shape index of soil structures were higher under rotary tillage than under plowing. For the same tillage treatment, the angularity and shape factor were higher in post-paddy field than in post-wheat field. Results of significant difference analysis revealed that angularity and shape factor could be tillage. The morphological indexes with ＂vision＂ effects, effectively used to distinguish soil structure under different such as rectangularity, angularity and shape factor, were suitable to quantitatively and visually characterize soil structure using the digital image processing.