中文摘要：

通过水资源消耗强度及其变化指数，研究我国工业行业水资源消耗强度的演变趋势；采用对数均值迪氏指数分析方法（LMDI），将我国工业行业水资源消耗强度的变化分解为技术进步与产业结构变迁两个层面的作用。研究结果显示，1996—2006年我国工业水资源消耗强度总体上呈现不断下降的趋势；技术效应所导致的各部门用水效率提高是工业行业水资源消耗强度持续下降的最重要原因，结构效应所导致的用水密集部门的发展在一定程度上抑制了水资源消耗强度的下降。因此，加快技术升级和工业结构调整，有助于可持续利用水资源、建立节水型社会。

英文摘要：

With industrial water intensity and changing index, this paper explores the changing trend of the industrial water intdnsity in China during the period 1996--2006. The change of industrial water intensity is decomposed into two parts which are caused by technology progress and structural shift respectively, using LMDI（Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index）analysis method. The findings show that there is continuous decreasing trend in the overall indus- trial water intensity. Furthermore, technology effect which leads to enhancement of sectoral water efficiency is the most important factor and the structural shift toward water-intensive sectors curbs the reduction of water intensity. Therefore, speeding technology upgrade and adjusting the industrial structure is the strategy of water sustainable use and construction of the water-saving society.