中文摘要：

综述了近年来微区电化学测试系统的各项技术设备原理及应用的发展概况,分别探讨了扫描振动参比电极技术（SVET）、扫描开尔文探针（SKP）、局部电化学交流阻抗谱（LEIS）和扫描电化学显微镜（SECM）等微区电化学测量系统在腐蚀理论研究与防护技术领域的应用;并指出在发展更加精密、可靠和满足快速的SVET、SKP、LEIS和SECM等微区电化学测量系统的同时,将以上技术用于金属各种局部腐蚀的机理和相组织腐蚀电化学的研究中,不但可以积累以上技术关于腐蚀电化学研究中的基础数据与规律,还可以加快这些技术的发展。

英文摘要：

This review describes the recent advances in the basic principles and applications of local electrochemical measurement techniques.The focus of this review is on the application of electrochemical methods, such as scanning vibrating electrode technique（SVET）,scanning Kelvin probe（SKP）,localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（LEIS） and scanning electrochemical microscopy（SECM） in the field of corrosion and protection,both on theories and techniques.The spatial resolution and reliability of local electrochemical measurement techniques greatly increases the utility of these techniques for the characterization of localized corrosion and the electrochemical behavior of single and mixed phase structure.Researches,by using advanced local electrochemical measurement techniques in the areas of localized corrosion and the electrochemical behavior of single and mixed phase structure,are aimed at accumulating corrosion experimental data and accelerating the development of these techniques.