中文摘要：

煤矿覆岩存在空间结构，并且随着采空范围（边界条件）的不同，覆岩的空间结构是动态演化的，并能诱发冲击矿压灾害。基于关键层理论，提出煤矿覆岩的整体空间结构形态，即层面方向的“O-X”结构与剖面方向的“F”结构组成。“O-X”结构与“F”结构的形成与失稳不断进行，称为煤矿覆岩空间结构的动态演化。将覆岩空间结构分为“O-X”型、“F”型与“T”型三种基本类型，对三类空间结构进行细化，分析其矿压特征与规律。基于能量理论，讨论覆岩空间结构演化诱冲的机制，计算三类结构“见方”时的弯曲弹性能，并分析“F”、“T”结构对诱冲的作用。研究拓展传统矿压理论范围，为覆岩结构失稳型冲击矿震预防提供理论指导。

英文摘要：

Spatial structure of overlying strata existed and evolved dynamically with the exploitation scope （boundary conditions） changes in coal mines and to induce rockburst. Based on the“key strata”theory, the integrated spatial structure of overlying strata was put forward, which was composed of “O-X” structure in the plane section and “F” structure in the vertical section. The formation and ongoing instability of the“O-X”and“F”structures were called as dynamic evolution cycle of the overlying strata. Three basic categories of “O-X”, “F” and “T” structures were defined, and the strata behaviors of each spatial structure were analyzed. According to energy theory, mechanism of rockburst induced by spatial structure instability was discussed. The research expanded the scope of traditional ground pressure theory and provided a guide for the prevention of rockburst and mining tremors induced by structure instability of overlying