中文摘要：

以15份有代表性的甜瓜种质为试材，统计分析了其苗期13个质量性状和数量性状的变异和相关，以期为杂交育种亲本的选配以及苗期性状预测提供理论依据。结果表明：苗期性状变异丰富，数量性状的变异系数在35．32％和112．34％之间，其中真叶面积的变异系数最大，下胚轴长变异系数最小；质量性状的变异系数变幅为27．189／6～49．699／6，子叶形状变异系数最小，子叶颜色变异系数最大；聚类分析结果表明，0869（“Tyeha”）和0969（“P1—164852”）聚为一类，其遗传背景与其它种质相差较大；在欧式距离为5．52处，可划分为厚皮类群和薄皮类群；相关分析表明，13种苗期性状中，子叶宽与单果鲜重呈显著正相关，相关系数达到0．619，可用于对甜瓜产量性状进行预测。

英文摘要：

Using 15 Cucumis melo I.. germplasrns from a wide collection as materials,13 phenotypic traits of the seedling period were studied for clustering and correlation. The results showed that rich genetic diversities were found among the seeding phenotypic traits. The variation coefficient of the quantitative characters was 35.32% - 112. 34%, with the highest value for leaf area and the lowest for hypocotyl height. The variation coefficient of the qualititative characters was 27. 18%-49. 69% ,with the highest value for cotyledon color and the lowest value for cotyledon shape. Based on the phenotypic data, the clustering results showed that two accessions,0869 and 0969 were clustered in one branch,indicating that the genetic background of them was dissimilar to the others. At the Euclidean genetic distance of 5. 52, the main branch was divided into two sub-groups, thick-peel germplasrns and thin-peel gerrnplasrns. The results of correlation analysis showed that of the 13 phenotypic traits,cotylendon width was significantly correlated to fresh weight of single fruit,with the correlation coefficiem of 0. 619, and may be used for the predetermination of melon yield trait.