中文摘要：

胎儿宫内发育迟缓（Intrauterine growth restriction，IUGR）是一种危害胎儿生存质量的严重并发症，病因复杂多样。胎盘功能紊乱是引起IUGR的主要原因之一，但是其发病机制和带来的影响还不清楚，治疗及预后较差。建立与人类临床病理特征相似的IUGR动物模型是研究其发病机制及寻求有效治疗方法的有效途径。本文主要介绍了建立IUGR模型的自然选择法、手术摘除子宫肉阜法、被动吸烟法、营养不良法、子宫动脉结扎法等方法及其效果。

英文摘要：

Intrauterine growth restriction （IUGR） is one important complications in the perinatal period, and associated with poor perinatal health outcomes. In animal fetuses, IUGR can be caused by factors that are of maternal, placental or fetal origin. The most common cause of IUGR is placental insufficiency. However, there is a range of issues that require further investigation or studies in more than one model. The information of different animal models of IUGRmay contribute to investigating its pathogenesis and seeking effective ways. In this article, the authors review the experimental animal models of IUGR, including natural selection, the surgical ablation of the majority of cndometrial carnncles, passive smoking, maternal undernutrition, umbilical arlery ligation.