中文摘要：

目的 探讨核糖核酸（RNA）干扰在支气管肺发育不良（BPD）模型鼠干预治疗中的作用及相关机制。方法体外化学合成转化生长因子-β1（TGF—β1）序列特异性双链小干扰RNA（siRNA），在高氧（≥95％，7d）诱导下体内导入新生SD大鼠，应用逆转录一聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）技术和酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）技术测定干预前后肺组织TGF—β1信使核糖核酸（mRNA）和蛋白表达，苏木素-伊红（HE）染色对照观察干预前后肺组织形态结构变化。结果干预后TGF—β1mRNA和蛋白表达水平降低。高氧干预组肺组织病理形态分析，与正常组相比较，高氧组干预后较未干预组明显好转，肺泡大小变得较为均一，肺间隔开始增厚，肺泡数增多。结论体外合成的siRNA可有效抑制高氧肺组织中TGF—β1基因的高表达，减轻高氧所致肺泡化阻滞。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of RNA interference in preventing from lung injury of hyperoxia in model rats of bronchopulmonary dysplasia （BPD）. Methods Chemical synthesized TGF -β1 sequence -specific dsRNA （siRNA） in vitro was injected into trachea of 3 - days - old Sprague - Dawley neonatal rats with hyperoxia （ 395% for 7 days）. TGF -β1 mRNA and protein expression in lung tissues were examined by RT - PCR and ELISA. Histological examinations of lungs were taken after HE staining. Results After RNA interference, TGF - β1 mRNA and protein expression were decreased. The changes in lung tissue of hyperoxia group with siRNA （ named as hyperoxia interference group） in neonatal rats improved when compared with the tissue of controls, and it had showed uniform alveoli, thicker septa and walls of alveoli and increased alveoli. Conclusion Chemical synthesized TGF - β1 siRNA in vitro could inhibit higher expression of TGF - β1 mRNA in neonatal rats＇lung tissue and relieve the arrest of alveolation by hyperoxia.