中文摘要：

木质纤维素主要由纤维素、半纤维素、木质素等成分构成，将纤维素水解成葡萄糖，进而可以发酵生成乙醇等生物化工产品。纤维素、半纤维素、木质素三者以复杂的结构关系缠绕在一起。这种结构阻碍了纤维素的有效水解，这就需要进行预处理，才能使纤维素得到更充分的水解。预处理主要包括物理法，化学法，生物法，文章对这3种预处理方式进行详细介绍。

英文摘要：

Lignocellulose is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose can be hydrolyzed into glucose, and then fermented to generate ethanol and other biological chemical products. Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin are interwound in a complex structural relationship. This structure hinders the effective hydrolysis of cellulose. Consequently, to ensure effective cellu- lose hydrolysis, pretreatment is needed. Pretreatment methods included in this article are physical, chemical and biological methods.