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中文摘要：
基于构形理论，以女积耗散率最小为优化目标，对燃气涡轮基元级叶片进行构形优化，得到量纲一当量热阻最小的基元级叶片最优构形。结果表明：在基元级叶片总横截面积和空腔占比一定的条件下，存在最佳空腔直径与叶片厚度比使得基元级叶片量纲一当量热阻取得最小值，但不存在最佳空腔边距与叶片厚度比、最佳叶片厚度与长度比使得基元级叶片量纲一当量热阻取得最小值。在叶片结构强度允许的前提下，提高空腔占比，减小空腔与叶片表面的距离，保持基元级叶片狭长均有利于提高基元级叶片的整体传热性能。积耗散率最小和最大温差最小的基元级叶片最优构形是明显不同的，积耗散率最小的构形优化比最大温差最小的构形优化更能有效地降低基元级叶片的平均传热温差，提高其整体传热性能。此外，通过对基元级叶片冷却空腔进行多尺度构形优化，其整体传热性能也得到明显提高。
英文摘要：
Based on constructal theory, the construct of an elemental gas-turbine blade is optimized by taking minimum entransy dissipation rate as optimization objective. The optimal construct of the elemental gas-turbine blade is obtained. The results show that for the fixed total cross-sectional area and cavity faction of the elemental gas-turbine blade, there exists an optimal ratio of the cavity diameter to the thickness of the elemental blade which leads to the minimum dimensionless equivalent thermal resistance of the elemental blade; but there do not exist the optimal ratios of the cavity edge distance to the thickness, as well as the length to the thickness of the elemental blade which lead to the minimum dimensionless equivalent thermal resistance of the elemental blade. On the premise that the structural strength of the blade is allowed, the increase of the cavity fraction, the decrease of the cavity edge distance, and the slenderness of the elemental blade will help to improve the global heat transfer performance of the elemental blade. The optimal constructs of the elemental blade based on the minimizations of entransy dissipation rate and maximum temperature difference are different. The average heat transfer temperature difference of the elemental blade based on the minimization of entransy dissipation rate can be more effectively reduced compared with that based on the minimization of maximum temperature difference, and its global heat transfer performance is obviously improved. Moreover, the global heat transfer performance of the elemental blade can also be obviously improved by using the multi-scale constructal optimization of the cooling cavity of the elemental blade.
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