中文摘要：

在苏打盐碱土区进行结冰灌溉试验,研究灌溉后盐碱土土壤水分和盐分的分布状况。试验分为淡水结冰灌溉（E）、微咸水结冰灌溉（D）、微咸水结冰灌溉＋100%GR（石膏需求量）磷石膏（A）,微咸水结冰灌溉＋50%GR磷石膏（B）,以及对照（CK）,5个处理。灌溉水量为180 mm。试验结果表明灌溉融水增加了土壤耕层的含水量,为春播抗旱起到了重要作用。同时灌溉融水使土壤耕层主要离子Na＋、Cl-、CO32-、HCO3-明显降低,使土壤耕层的盐碱化程度得到改善。不同处理方式之间比较,微咸水结冰灌溉洗盐效果和盐碱化改良效果明显好于淡水结冰灌溉,微咸水＋磷石膏淋洗和改良效果好于微咸水结冰灌溉,且随着磷石膏施用量的增多,洗盐和改良效果更好。

英文摘要：

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the water and salt dynamic of saline-sodic soil with freezing water irrigation in winter in Songnen Plain of China,which is one of the largest saline-sodic areas in the world.The plots were designed as follows： freezing saline water irrigation with application of phosphogypsum（100%GR gypsum requirement）（A）,freezing saline water irrigation with application of phosphogypsum（50% GR）（B）,freezing fresh water irrigation（C）,freezing saline water irrigation（D）,no irrigation and no phosphogypsum as CK.A total of 180 mm water was applied to experimental plots in January of 2011.Results showed that melted ice water increased soil water content in topsoil layer.It has great significance for resisting drought in spring planting.With infiltration of melted ice water,the surface soil was significantly desalinized.Major ions including Na＋、Cl-、CO32-、HCO3-were decreasing by melted ice water.Comparative analysis demonstrated that desalinized effect was better in freezing saline water irrigation than freezing fresh water irrigation,and desalinized effect was better in freezing saline water irrigation with application of phosphogypsum than freezing saline water irrigation,and with the increase of phosphogypsum,soil desalinized effect was higher.The results indicated that the approach of freezing saline water irrigation and phosphogypsum in winter may benefit to resist drought in spring planting and improve saline-sodic soil by use of local saline groundwater.