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中文摘要：
利用有限元软件ABAQUS对开孔薄壁方管在轴向冲击载荷作用下的变形规律与吸能特性进行了数值仿真分析,并根据数值模拟结果进行了多目标优化。在薄壁方管的每个侧面上开六个长方形孔,通过改变长方形孔的长度和宽度来研究开孔薄壁方管的耐撞性。结果表明：在研究的范围内,除开孔尺寸为20mm×5mm的薄壁方管外,其余开孔薄壁方管的破坏模式为外延式破坏模式,其变形过程为动态渐进屈曲;当开孔长度增大时,开孔薄壁方管初始峰值力减小;当开孔长度和宽度同时增大时,开孔薄壁方管平均载荷均减小;开孔面积越大,管吸收的能量和比吸能越小;开孔长度不变时,随着宽度的增大压缩力效率降低,当宽度不变时,随着长度的增大压缩力效率增大。基于开孔方管的数值模拟结果构造了响应面模型并对其进行了多目标优化,给出了Pareto前沿图,可根据各目标的偏好确定方管的开孔尺寸。
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