中文摘要：

在转型期的中国，政治关联是影响民营企业进入城市公用事业的关键因素。本文采用案例研究的方法，选取我国首家进入城市公交行业的民营企业作为研究对象，探索研究了该企业成长过程中的政治关联的变化及其对企业成长的影响。研究发现，首先，对于一个企业而言，政治关联来源可以分为三个层面：关键政府官员的扶持、企业家政治身份、企业家以外的高管团队成员政治身份。其中，对于政府主导型政治关联民营企业，关键政府官员的扶持对企业成长起决定性作用，而企业家和高管团队成员的政治身份对企业成长并没有显著影响。其次，政治关联对民营企业成长具有“双刃剑”的作用——驱动作用和约束作用。驱动作用主要表现在企业政治关联有利于其突破政府管制型壁垒和获得政府补助，从而分别促进企业进入公用事业和成长，约束作用主要表现在企业政治关联会导致民营企业非相关多元化、增加政治风险，从而抑制企业成长。

英文摘要：

During the transformation period of Chinese society, the political connection was the key factor of private enterprises in the city public utilities. This paper selected the first private enterprise which entered the city public transportation as the research subject, and studied the relationship between the changes of political connection and the growth of enterprise. This paper found the source of political connection of an enterprise could be divided into three levels： the support of the key government officials, the political identity of entrepreneurs, and the political identity of top management team members. Politi- cal connection of private enterprises was dominant, the support of the key government officials played a de- cisive role to the growth of enterprises, and the political identity of entrepreneurs and top management team members had no significant impact on enterprise growth. However, the political connection to the growth of the private enterprises was ＂the double-edged sword＂, which had the driving effect and the re- straining effect. The driving effect lied that political connection would lead to the breakthrough of govern- ment regulation barriers and access to government subsidies, which would promote private enterprises to enter the public utilities and growth. The restraining effect lied that political connection might lead to pri- vate enterprises unrelated diversification, which increased political risks, thereby inhibited the growth of enterprises.