中文摘要：

在早期发现并准确定位害虫,对其未来的发展趋势作出评价,可提高施药处方决策和综合防治的针对性和准确性。在作物虫害信息的获取中,传统的检测和监测方法不但耗时、费力,而且导致的预报滞后会进一步增加损失程度,很难较好地满足现代农业的精准生产要求。本文介绍了国内外学者在田间作物上开展害虫及其危害状况的机器检测和监测技术研究取得的进展,包括声特征检测法、雷达观测法、图像识别法以及光谱监测法等,讨论了现有技术的局限性,指出了未来作物虫害机器检测和监测技术的可能发展方向是采用多种技术相结合的组合式检测和监测方法,从多个角度获取特定虫害的相关信息,相互进行实证检验,以提高作物虫害机器检测和监测的精度及效率。

英文摘要：

To improve crop production and protection,and to implement timely targeted pesticide applications,reducing input costs and benefiting the environment,an accurate early detection and quantification of damage caused by crop insect pests in plants is required. Traditional methods such as plant-flapping method which investigates the population of insect pests by macroscopic observation with the tracking down rate between 30% and 70% are most common but subject to bias and can be inaccurate. These imprecise and inaccurate detection and damage evaluation data,however,may cause costly errors to variable-rate spraying in precision agriculture. This paper provides an overview of the recent literatures on machine-based technologies for detecting and monitoring field crop insect pests. Techniques which have been used in detecting and monitoring insect pests include methods of acoustic detection,radar observation and spectral scanning. Some of the main constraints of these progress and solutions where rapid advances seem possible in the machine-based technologies for detecting insect pests of crops are discussed. As for the difficulties in the machine-based technologies for detecting crop insect-pests,such as field conditions complicated variables,injured position uncertainty,and many interference factors,possible approaches are outlined,including that future research should focus on combined detection methods under field conditions.