中文摘要：

巨噬细胞极化（polarization）是指巨噬细胞受到环境因子刺激后被激活,不同的胞外信号可导致巨噬细胞向不同类型转化,其在机体抗感染、抗肿瘤以及组织修复与维持机体平衡上发挥着重要作用。巨噬细胞根据表型和功能的不同,可分为经典活化型（classically activated macrophages,CAMs）和替代活化型（alternatively activated macrophages,AAMs）。前者主要为糖酵解代谢途径供能,后者主要为氧化磷酸化途径。线粒体作为细胞代谢的重要场所之一,与巨噬细胞极化的调控密切相关。本文从线粒体功能、代谢和稳定性等方面总结了线粒体在巨噬细胞极化过程中发挥的作用及其机制,为研究巨噬细胞的活化分化机制提供新思路,也为认识巨噬细胞相关疾病的发病机理提供新线索。

英文摘要：

Macrophage polarization plays an indispensable role in defense and resistance to pathogen infection, tissue repair, and homeostasis. Polarized macrophages can be divided into two groups： classic type activation （classically activated macrophages,CAMs） and alternative activation type （alternatively activated macrophages, AAMs）. The former mainly made use of the glycolysis metabolic pathways and the latter mainly for macrophage polarization, and provide a potential clues for disease caused by macrophage polarization.