中文摘要：

目的：探讨乳腺良恶性肿瘤微血管形态学变化特征。方法：应用超声造影微血管成像（MVI）技术检测30例（33个病灶）乳腺恶性肿瘤、30例（34个病灶）乳腺纤维腺瘤微血管形态学变化特征，光、电镜观察瘤内新生血管显微结构及超做结构改变。结果：造影后不均匀增强，充盈缺损，紊乱的血管网、血管扩张、血管迂曲征象在良恶性肿瘤中有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。光镜下90．91％（30／33）乳腺恶性肿瘤中见坏死灶，问质中见弥漫分布粗细不均的新生血管，异常扩张的大血管和裂隙状的新生血管并存。乳腺纤维腺瘤均未见坏死灶，血管管径和分布均一。透射电镜下恶性组新生血管内皮细胞超微结构具有不同于正常血管内皮细胞的分裂旺盛的特征，较多的单个内皮细胞呈裂隙状，血管腔闭塞或狭窄，扩张、迂曲的大血管与幼稚的新生毛细血管并存。结论：实时超声造影MVI可以反映肿瘤血管的解剖和生理特征，造影后微血管的形态学差异性为乳腺良恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断提供了重要依据。

英文摘要：

Objective： To compare the differences in angiogenetic characteristics of benign and malignant tumors. Meth- ods： Thirty cases with malignant breast carcinoma and 30 cases with fibroadenoma were inspected by ultrasonic contrast enhanced microvascular imaging（MVI）. All samples were analysed with microscopy by HE staining. The samples of breast cancers （10 cases）, breast fibroadenoma（10 cases） and normal breast tissues（10 cases） were analysed routinely with transmission electronic microscopy. Results： MVI inside of the focus was increased heterogeneously that had the characteristic of malignant tumor such as filling defect and vessel distortion. The newly formed blood vessels of breast cancer were composed of monolayer endothelial cells. The gap between endothelial cells was wide. The basement membrane did not continuous had obvious interstitial edema. The shapes of endothelial cells were abnormal, the cell body became bigger and cytoplasm became richer and abnormal cell nucleus appeared and pinocytotic vesicle increased. Conclusions： The perfusion pattern are valuable diagnostic basis in discriminating benign and malignant breast tumors.