中文摘要：

近年来，生物医用高分子材料的生物相容性研究备受关注。基于仿细胞膜外层结构设计合成的2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基磷酰胆碱（MPC）及其聚合物研究已成为一个新热点。大量研究结果表明，用MPC聚合物修饰生物材料表面，可获得良好的血液相容性和组织相容性。本文综述了MPC单体及其聚合物的合成以及其在人造器官、组织工程、血液净化、药物控释与基因治疗、固定化酶、生物传感器等方面的应用，探讨了MPC聚合物研究应用的发展趋势。

英文摘要：

The research on 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine （MPC） and its polymers by mimicking the structure of cell outer membrane has been a hot topic. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the surface of materials modified with MPC polymers shows excellent hemocompatibility and tissue compatibility. In this article, the synthesis of MPC monomer and its polymers is reviewed. The applications of MPC polymers in biomedical fields, such as artificial organs, tissue engineering, blood purification, drug delivery and gene therapy, are summarized briefly. Furthermore, the prospects of research and application of MPC polymers are also discussed.