中文摘要：

开展基于行政记录的人口普查被视为有效破解传统人口普查难题的途径之一,亦是顺应大数据时代充分挖掘人口行政记录资源的必然之选。本文较系统地阐述了基于行政记录人口普查方法的基本框架,尝试对＂完全模式＂人口普查和＂组合模式＂人口普查的实施步骤进行解析。基于此,本文选择芬兰、奥地利、瑞士和荷兰4个国家,分普查基本情况、行政记录类型和基本记录库形成、已存在统计记录系统基本结构、专门组织的抽样调查设计、不同系统间的链接途径、新人口统计信息质量评估方法等6个维度,对实施基于行政记录的人口普查方法进行了国际比较。

英文摘要：

Register-based population census is regarded as one of the valid ways to solve the problems of traditional population census and it is also an inevitable choice, complying with the era of big data, to mine the administrative register resources of the population. This paper systematically expounds the basic framework of register-based population census and attempts to analyze the key problems of the Totally Register-based Population Censes and the Population Censes Combined Use of Sample Surveys and Register Data. Based on this, the successful experience of Finland, Austria, Switzerland and Holland, implementing two different patterns, is compared from six dimensions, which are the basic situation of the census, the selection of the administrative register types and form of the basic register library, the basic structure of the administrative register system, the sample survey design organized specially, the link routes among different registers and systems, the new assessment methods of the population statistical infornmtion quality.