中文摘要：

为了根据用户需求对喷灌机组进行评价比选,以管道水力学为基础,结合机组应用实践,建立了多喷头轻小型喷灌机组单位能耗、年造价、喷灌均匀系数和操作时间等技术经济指标.由人均耕地面积确定3种典型灌溉面积为0.67,3.33,6.67 hm2,以山东济南为例,采用灰色关联法对6台机组性能进行对比,得出每种灌溉面积下适宜的机组形式排序.计算中机组配置方式由遗传算法优化及室外试验验证得到.结果表明：该方法能较好地反映各机组特点,且能对机组综合性能的影响因素进行分析,所得评价结果与实际经验结果吻合较好;喷头运行在较高压力时能耗明显增加,喷头数较多时机组成本及操作时间上升;机组方案的选择会受灌溉面积及灌水定额的影响,需根据情况具体分析.

英文摘要：

According to the requirements of farmers,four technical and economic indicators of specific energy consumption,annual construction cost,coefficient of irrigation uniformity and operation time were established based on pipeline hydraulics and practices of irrigation systems for the selection of small-scale irrigation machines with multiple sprinklers.Three typical field sizes of 0.67 hm2,3.33 hm2 and 6.67hm2 were determined based on the average land area per capita in the provinces where the machines were well applied.According to grey relational analysis（GRA）,irrigation in Jinan,Shandong province was taken as an example to evaluate and select proper alternatives among six available small-scale irrigation machines for each field size.In the calculation,configurations of the machines were obtained by genetic algorithms and validated with field tests.The results show that the proposed approach can summarize the characteristics of each machine well and can outline the affecting factors on the overall machine performances.The evaluation results are in good accordance with practices.Higher pressures of sprinklers result in higher energy consumption,and more sprinklers lead to larger annual construction cost and longer operation time.The selection of irrigation machines may be impacted by the field size and the irrigationquota,thus it should be analyzed according to actual situation.