中文摘要：

全身麻醉药（general anesthetic）是一类能可逆抑制中枢神经系统（central nervous system，CNS）功能，从而使意识、感觉消失，肌肉松弛、记忆阻断的药物。麻醉药作用于不同的受体和脑区能影响不同形式的记忆，一些患者在全麻术后会出现记忆缺失或遗忘，甚至发生术后认知功能障碍（postoperative cognitive dysfunction， POCD）。全身麻醉药对记忆的影响与记忆的类型、研究对象的年龄、药物的种类、剂量以及手术的类型等众多因素相关，其主要物质基础有γ-氨基丁酸A（γ-aminobutyric acid subtype A，GABAA）受体，兴奋性氨基酸，突触可塑性等。本文将对全身麻醉药与记忆的相关性研究进展作一综述。

英文摘要：

General anesthetics are a class of drugs that have the ability to induce loss of consciousness and feeling,muscle relaxation and memory blockade,by reversibly inhibiting the central nervous system. Anesthetics target different receptors and brain regions to modify the various forms of memory. There are some patients with amnesia or even postoperative cognitive dysfunction. The effects of general anesthesia on memory seem to be related to the types of memory,age of the experimental subjects,the species and doses of the drug,and the types of the surgery. The underlying cellular substrates includeγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor, excitatory amino acid and synaptic plasticity.