中文摘要：

纤维状炭材料有各种尺度和形貌,由于成本和性能缺乏竞争力,制约其在锂离子电池负极材料中的应用。随着纳米技术的发展,一些改性后的新型炭纤维表现出良好的负极材料性能。文章综述了近年各种纤维状炭材料用作锂离子电池负极材料的国内外研究进展。依据纤维状炭材料的结构、性能及其研究思路,分别归纳了石墨纤维、炭纤维及具有各种微观结构的炭纳米纤维作为负极材料的电化学性能及应用前景。结果表明,纤维状炭材料作为锂离子电池负极材料的研究,经历了从石墨化炭纤维到非石墨化炭纤维,从微米级直径到纳米级直径,从注重研究工艺参数到注重研究和设计微观结构的过程。从提高容量和倍率性能的潜力及成本和可工业化角度考虑,纤维状炭材料极有可能是未来炭负极材料的重要选择。

英文摘要：

Fibrous carbon materials have a variety of dimensions and structures.However,these materials were earlier restricted for use as anode materials for lithium ion batteries due to their cost and performance.With the development of nanotechnology,some modified and new forms of carbon fibers have emerged,which show good performance as anode materials.This paper reviews recent domestic and foreign research progress on fibrous carbon materials as anode materials.The electrochemical performance and prospective use of graphite fibers,carbon fibers and carbon nanofibers for this purpose are summarized.Research has ranged from non-graphitized to graphitized carbon fibers,from micron to nanometer diameter,and has focused on the parameters of their preparation to the design of their microstructure.Fibrous carbon materials are likely to be important alternatives for carbon anode materials in the future based on their high capacity,high rate capability,low cost and ease of industrialization.