中文摘要：

为了弥补现有GPS单频单历元算法在矿区开采沉降中的不足，更加精确地实时监测煤炭开采引起的地表移动，基于Tikhonov正则化方法及阻尼LAMBDA方法，提出了一种适合矿区沉降实时观测的新方法。首先，根据单频单历元方程的特点，利用Tikhonov正则化方法修正单频单历元法方程矩阵，由最小二乘法得到可靠的模糊度实数解；其次，依据阻尼LAMBDA方法搜索固定整周模糊度，其中阻尼因子可根据矿区首期变形监测结果确定；最后，利用该算法处理某矿区地表沉降的实测GPS数据，得到了测站北、东、天顶三方向的定位精度为毫米级，且单历元解算时间远小于采样率。试验结果表明，该算法在矿区沉降中能满足毫米级的观测，同时可满足矿区沉降实时观测，对于实现对矿区沉降的实时观测具有一定的参考价值。

英文摘要：

In order to make up for the shortage of the existing algorithm for mining subsidence by using single epoch and single frequency GPS observation,and realize real-time monitoring of the ground movement caused by coal mining more accu-rately,based on Tikhonov regularization method and damped LAMBDA method,a new algorithm for mining settlement in real time is proposed. Firstly,according to the characteristics of the single-frequency and single-epoch equation,Tikhonov regulari-zation method is adopted to correct the matrix of the equation to obtain the reliable real-number solutions of ambiguity by the least squares method. Secondly,the integer ambiguity is fixed according to damped LAMBDA method,the damped factor is de-termined by the initial observation result. Finally,the actual GPS data in mining area is used to conduct experiment so as to test the performance of the algorithm proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that,three directions accuracy of the station is in millimeter-level,and calculating time of single epoch is less than the sampling. The algorithm proposed can satisfy the millimeter-level of observation and observation in real time,and provide a certain reference value for the real-time mining settlement observation.