中文摘要：

针对我国灌排面积不断增加、水资源利用效率不高、化肥流失严重等问题,结合田间对比试验,考虑节水灌溉与控制排水的协同效应,通过控制变量法研究灌排因素对排水量、氮磷流失量的影响和土壤水中氮磷迁移转化规律,发现：浅灌深蓄（G1）模式下控制排水（L1）的排水量较非控制排水（L2）的排水量减少了7.59%,浅勤灌溉（G2）模式下L1的排水量较L2处理下减少了8.44%;同时L1处理下NO3--N、NH4＋-N、TN、TP流失量分别比L2处理下的流失量减少了34.08%、7.11%、11.31%、56.4%。由此可知,控制排水对减少排水量和氮磷流失量具有明显的效果,G1L1的灌排组合更有利于控制田间排水量、减少氮磷流失。

英文摘要：

A series of field contrast experiments were conducted in rice area of south China.Based on these experiments,this paper investigates the displacement,N and P losses,and the moving and transforming law of N and P under different treatment of irrigation and drainage,which considers the synergistic effects of water-saving irrigation and controlled drainage as well as the uses of control variate method.The results show that under shallow-irrigation and deep-sluice model（G1）,the water discharge of controlled drainage（L1） decreases 7.59% compared with uncontrolled drainage（L2）.While under the shallow-wet irrigation（G2）,the displacement of L1 decreases 8.44% compared with L2.In the mean time,the losses of NO3--N,NH4＋-N,TN,TP on L1 decrease separately 34.08%,7.11%,11.31%,56.4% compared with（L2）.Therefore,controlled drainage is helpful to reduce the displacement and N and P losses.The irrigation and drainage combination of G1L1 is more conducive to control water displacement,reduce the losses of nitrogen and phosphorus.