中文摘要：

阐述铁路隧道振动产生原因和传播特点。从理论分析模型、隧道结构振动响应、隧道地基土振动响应、环境振动响应及减振措施等方面,综述铁路隧道振动问题研究的进展。认为目前研究中存在的主要问题是：计算模型不完善;缺乏对隧道结构长期动力特性的研究、对高速铁路隧道动力响应的试验研究;减振措施缺乏针对性。指出今后的研究工作重点应是：将材料损伤本构关系引入到隧道振动响应数值模型中,建立以轨道、隧道和围岩为一体的、考虑结构损伤在内的完整数值模型,并在此基础上分析研究隧道结构长期动力特性;针对高速铁路隧道开展现场测试、动力模型试验;采用数据分析与模拟试验相结合的方法,研究各工况的环境振动响应,提出针对不同地层和结构埋深的最优减振措施。

英文摘要：

The causes and the propagating characteristics of the vibrations due to moving trains in railway tunnels are discussed in this paper. The progress made in the research on the vibration of railway tunnels is reviewed in the aspects of the theoretical analysis models, the vibrations response of the tunnel structure, the vibration response of the tunnel foundation soil, the impact of these vibrations on the environment and the effective damping measures, etc. The main problems existed in the current research include： calcula- tion models need to be further improved; researches on long-term dynamic characteristics of tunnel struc- ture and the dynamic response tests on high-speed railway tunnels are very insufficient; damping measures lack pertinence. The emphasis of further research should be as follows, a time-dependent damage constitu- tive relation should be introduced into the vibration response model of track-tunnel-soil, and on this basis, the long-term dynamic response of tunnels and dynamic accumulative effect of their stress and strain should be further studied. A series of in situ vibration measurements aiming to high-speed railway tunnels togeth- er with the corresponding model tests should be carried out; ambient vibration and its damping measures should be studied according to different geological condition and buried depth, by combining numerical cal- culation and model test, and finally put forward corresponding optimal damping measures aiming to different engineering situations.